War on Coal Free Essays

War on Coal â€Å"President Obama is capable completely for the conclusion of that mine and the loses of these jobs†, Robert Murray CEO of Murray Energy Corporation told CNN after 239 men were laid off in light of the fact that an Ohio mine had shut. The current war on coal isn't one of just and reasonable reasons. Coal has a few positive advantages that significantly exceed the negative natural impacts that some state it causes. We will compose a custom article test on War on Coal or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now The fundamental advantage of coal is the many thousands it utilizes every year. Be that as it may, with the exacting guidelines being put on coal mineshafts nowadays the convention of coal mining might be one our youngsters will never know. It is our obligation as Americans to beat the Obama Administration and win the war on coal. Coal was first found in America in 1742 in what is currently Boone County, West Virginia. From that point forward mining it has been an occupation that utilizes thousands and those thousands don’t get close to the commendation they merit. Each time the man-trip goes under, the individuals on it chance their lives to give us the fundamental hotspot for vitality and warmth. The Merle Travis lyricâ€Å"Where the risks are twofold and the difficulties are few† totally catches the environment of a coal mineshaft. Slag falls, blasts, fires, or more all cavern â€ins and rooftop falls are only a couple of the perils diggers face each day, yet individuals despite everything want to censure these men for the activity they do. The Obama organization could think less about the numerous occupations they are getting rid of from the coal business. â€Å"The numerous guidelines the he (President Obama), and his extreme representatives and the U. S. EPA haves put on the utilization of coal have shut 175 force plants† (Murray 2). Accept those 175 force plants utilized 100 men that is 17,500 individuals who are jobless. By what method can Obama say he is for the common laborers when he is taking the maintaining class’s sources of income? Josh Mandel, Ohio state treasurer told Congress â€Å" I figure the Obama organization ought to be embarrassed for putting white collar class coal excavators jobless the nation over. Coal excavators and their families live in probably the most unfortunate territories of the nation and the Obama war on coal is executing employments in the pieces of America that would least be able to manage the cost of it. †. Mandel is correct. Obama and his organization are slaughtering occupations and little mining towns all over the nation and it must be halted before they are no more. While running in his 2008 crusade, Obama told the San Francisco Chronicle that the â€Å"notion of no coal†¦is an illusion†, however he included that he supported the Cap and Trade framework. He at that point proceeded to state â€Å"so on the off chance that somebody needs to construct a coal controlled plant, it’s simply that it will bankrupt them since they will be charged an enormous whole for all the ozone depleting substance that is being emitted†(Trinko 3) This announcement seems like somebody who wasn’t in a tiny smidgen stressed over the 385,105 diggers who were straightforwardly utilized by coal at that point. Trinko 2) this number didn’t incorporate truck drivers, mine auditors, power plant laborers, railroad laborers, or and different employments that are influenced by the coal business. The Obama Administration has done all that it can do to crush the American coal industry. We have gone from creating 1. 2 billion tons of coal a ye ar to creating something to the tune of 800 million tons (Trinko 3). It is guileful, best case scenario for Obama to state he underpins the coal business when we have lost around 33% of our creation. Joe Biden told substance. com that he didn’t see a very remarkable job for clean vitality in America, yet then added that he needed to assist China with cleaning their coal plants (Trinko 3). For as far back as 4 years, Obama and his organization have attempted to end coal in America and it is time we take it back. Ryan Williams, Mitt Romany’s representative said â€Å"Obama has pursued a war on coal that has crushed the white collar class and American Workers† This is totally obvious. No, coal isn't the lifestyle in Washington, D. C, yet on the off chance that the Obama Administration would take a gander at the 10,000 foot view, they would consider that to be America in general nation, coal is a lifestyle in numerous states. A portion of these states are Colorado, Wyoming, and each state in Appalachia. As political race time moves close, the Romney Campaign is searching for approaches to engage the coal diggers, coal truck drivers, railroad laborers, and others influenced by the coal business. â€Å"it is a limited gathering of voters you’re taking a gander at, however in those zones it is a serious deal since it influences whole networks. It truly is their entire work. Individuals who work in the coal business and their loved ones will become single-issue voters this year†, says Kristen Kukowski, secretary for the Republican National Committee. She is correct. The coal business is an employment, and had been uniting individuals for a considerable length of time. Coal towns stay together, so if Romney gets in great with one little coal town, different towns make certain to follow. His way to deal with draw in excavators has had a constructive outcome and will keep on doing as such as long as Obama pushes his severe guidelines. Jason Hayes, interchanges executive for the American Coal Council says â€Å"the industry in the course of recent decades had put over $100 billion in tidying up discharges and it’s as of now been compelling. The entirety of the significant harmful poisons have diminished uniquely throughout the last 30 to 40 years. We’ve been doing the entirety of this on managing everything else. † Coal may not be green, however it is a wellspring of vitality American needs. It is modest and productive. Without coal, America wouldn’t be anyplace close to where it is today. The coal mined here isn’t simply utilized for vitality. America’s coal makes steel. Steel is utilized for a great many things. In the event that coal is gone, not exclusively will our electric and warmth charges increment, yet the cost of steel with be over the top. â€Å"The natural advantages that we’re finding out about are flawed, however the activity misfortunes are genuine and they are occurring to thousands right now† Hayes includes. It is dependent upon us to change the path things in America are going. This is our nation, Not Washington’s. So in the 2012 Presidential Election, vote in favor of the common laborers, vote in favor of coal, vote in favor of Romney! You could be the one vote it takes to make coal win. Step by step instructions to refer to War on Coal, Essay models

Nationalism Essay Example

Patriotism Essay Patriotism from the beginning of time and the Modern Age With research and assets you will find out about Nationalism since forever and the Modern Age. Patriotism since it is a political thought that includes an intense acknowledgment of a lot of people by method of a political being characterized in nationalized conditions, for instance a country. Also, Modernity, since it is a make a move of why and how thing create and progress entirely through history. In view of these progressions happening permits us to exist in a cutting edge society. Innovation is identifying with the history or attributes of a period reaching out from an important remote past to the here and now â€Å"Since the term Modern is utilized to depict a wide scope of periods, any meaning of advancement must record for the setting being referred to. Present day can mean all of post-medieval European history, with regards to separating history into three huge ages: Antiquity, Medieval, and Modern. In like manner, it is regularly used to portray the Euro-American culture that emerges out of the Enlightenment and proceeds somehow or another into the present. The term Modern is likewise applied to the period starting somewhere close to 1870 and 1910, through the present, and significantly more explicitly to the 1910-1960 periods†. Patriotism is the thing that most gatherings of citizen’s feel for their nations a feeling of dedication, unwaveringness. To the residents their nation is the best it is a feeling of pride â€Å"What does the term country mean? In what ways is it particular, if by any means, from firmly related terms like state, individuals, and ethnic group† (418-423). Patriotism since the beginning and the Modern Age We will compose a custom paper test on Nationalism explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Nationalism explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Nationalism explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Patriotism is particularly current in that since forever to the current societies, innovation, are continually being considered and contrasted with the present â€Å"In ongoing years, the investigation of patriotism has pulled in developing consideration from researchers in a scope of controls humanism, human studies, history, legislative issues, even writing and philosophy† . Patriotism is concentrated all through the course by considering Western developments or societies from the early current age to the Late Modern Age. All through history there have been instances of patriotism the biggest model being Wars in Germany, for example, World War II, when the Germans felt they were better then Jewish individuals. The Massacre of St. Bartholomew’s Day â€Å"So it was resolved to kill all the Protestants, and the arrangement was endorsed by the sovereign. They examined for quite a while whether they should make a special case of the ruler of Navarre and the sovereign of Conde. All concurred that the lord of Navarre ought to be saved by reason of the imperial respect and the new coalition. The duke of Guise, who was placed in full order of the endeavor, brought around evening time a few chiefs of the Catholic Swiss hired soldiers from the five little cantons, and a few leaders of French organizations, and revealed to them that it was the desire of the ruler that, as indicated by Gods will, they should get revenge on the band of radicals while they had the brutes in the drudges. Triumph was simple and the goods extraordinary and to be acquired without threat. Patriotism from the beginning of time and the Modern Age The sign to start the slaughter ought to be given by the ringer of the royal residence, and the imprints by which they ought to perceive each other in the murkiness were a touch of white cloth tied around the left arm and a white cross on the hat† . The start of Nationalism occurred during the early ages before we had states, and most nations were all the while creating, gatherings of religions (Catholic, Christian and so forth) are what individuals were faithful to and before innovation became as cutting edge as it is presently. One of the principal instances of Nationalism is when Christopher Columbus found America; he carried sickness and subjugation to the Native Americans making them lose their home and exposed to cold-bloodedness treatment â€Å"It appears to me, that the individuals are bright, and would be acceptable hirelings and I am of supposition that they would promptly become Christians, as they seem to have no religion. They rapidly learn such words as are addressed them. In the event that it satisfies our Lord, I plan at my arrival to convey home six of them to your Highnesses, that they may become familiar with our language†. Prior to the Modern age, patriotism examined the early religions, the shaping of states and nations, changes in innovations â€Å"Studying the nineteenth century around the contention between the way of life of the westernizing, cosmopolitan tip top and the customs of the individuals, established all the more profoundly in their regions† . Patriotism from the beginning of time and the Modern Age As nations and states have become more grounded with government and building up their laws and convictions; Nationalism has additionally changed having been steadfastness to religions it is more grounded through the individuals and their devotion for their nations, laws, religions in the Modern Age. During the Revolutionary War, on the off chance that one was found to agree with the agitators, they were tormented, imprisoned, prohibited from their groups† Shadrack Furman, a free dark Virginian who worked for the British as a provisionary and guide, was caught by loyalist troops, given 500 lashes, and afterward blinded and rendered intellectually unsettled by a hatchet hit to the head† . At the point when a nation inside a nation pronounces autonomy from the greater nation they are discovered backstabbing to their homeland causing a war or an ethnic purging Bosnia, Serbia, Yugoslavia â€Å"They assaulted Bosniak-overwhelmed town in eastern Bosnia, including Zvornik, Foca, and Visegrad, coercively removing Bosniak regular folks from the district in a ruthless procedure that later was distinguished as ethnic purifying. (Ethnic purifying contrasts from annihilation in that its essential objective is the ejection of a gathering of individuals from a geological region and not the real physical pulverization of that gathering, despite the fact that the equivalent methodsincluding murder, assault, torment and persuasive displacementmay be utilized. )† . Patriotism since the beginning and the Modern Age Wars, assaults, Ethnic purifying are instances of patriotism of residents battling for their nations, religions and so on. A gathering that has a solid feeling of depe ndability is Al-Qaeda. Their individuals assault others in their own nation, different nations by self destruction bombings â€Å"12 October, 2000, Attack on US warship in Yemen murders 17 mariners. Two self destruction aggressors slam a pontoon conveying explosives into the USS Cole in Aden port executing 17 American mariners. In 2004 six presumed Al-Qaeda activists are accused in association of the assault by a Yemeni court. † . With the development of patriotism during the cutting edge age there have been numerous adjustments in the civic establishments of the world. A couple of those progressions are the individuals inside the human advancements (women’s rights), the headway of innovation, and the declining of wars. â€Å"For by far most of ladies in early current Europe, the most significant change in their lives was marriage. The decision of a companion, regardless of whether made without anyone else or their folks or a bigger kinfolk gathering, decided their social and financial status and spot of habitation. Separation was unlawful, living independently from an oppressive life partner was illicit without court endorsement, and just way out of marriage was demise of a mate. No idea with respect to a women’s intellect† . Patriotism since forever and the Modern Age In the late present day age ladies are allowed to pick whom they wed, separate is lawful albeit scarcely any religions despite everything disapprove of it, and most ladies have attended a university or know an exchange. As patriotism has developed the innovation has additionally advanced in progression of fighting through the cutting edge age â€Å"Despite their apparent eagerness for brutal unrest, Engels and numerous communists really came to fear the developing damaging intensity of present day war and the danger it presented to Western Civilization †. A significant motivation behind why patriotism is significant in the cutting edge age is the concentrating of early present day age we can realize what human advancements did and how they ran, and in the advanced age we can gain from them and expand upon what we realize. Patriotism has been seen since forever. During that time with the progressions of individuals, religions, innovation, the demonstrations of Nationalism have changed too. As you have perused the accompanying sources were utilized to decide these realities in light of the fact that, was a case of how later innovation and the steadfastness of the individuals of the gathering have changed in the later Modern age. Burke, P. (1978) this was a case of the Modern age and how it influences the developments. was utilized to portray a portion of the savagery of picking the radical side during the Revolutionary war and what might occur in the event that you weren’t faithful to the nation. Patriotism since forever and the Modern Age this diary removes were a case of the early Modern age patriotism with the Native Americans taken for subjugation and compelled to acknowledge Christianity over their religion on the off chance that they had one. Delanty, G. K. (2006). SAGE Handbook of Nations and Nationalism . London: SAGE Publications. This statement was utilized for instance of how remarkable patriotism is to the advanced age. This was a case of the Modern age and how it influences the civic establishments. Gay, C. M. (1998). The Way of the (Modern) World: Or, Why Its Tempting to Live As If God Doesnt Exist. Excellent Rapids: Eerdmans. This statement was utilized to characterize the importance of advancement and give a model. rovide the case of an ethnic purging of the Protestants whom were bad for the enough for the nation or the residents, an early case of patriotism before the Moder

$100 Laptop Unveiled

$100 Laptop Unveiled I just took a break from reading to watch some of the webcast of World Summit on the Information Society, where UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan (MIT SM 72) and MIT Media Lab Chairman Nicholas Negroponte 66 unveiled the first working prototype of the $100 Laptop. [news story] This is one of the most inspirational projects Ive ever seen. It makes me so proud to be at MIT. According to the project website, the machine will be a Linux-based, full-color, full-screen laptop that will use innovative power (including wind-up) and will be able to do most everything except store huge amounts of data. This rugged laptop will be WiFi-enabled and have USB ports galore. Its current specifications are: 500MHz, 1GB, 1 Megapixel. The plan is to initially roll out the computers in a little over a year to six large nations. Negroponte has identified China, Thailand, Brazil, Egypt, and possibly Nigeria and Argentina as those first nations. Each country would agree to buy at least 1,000,000 machines. Later, other countries would be added. Todays press conference included enthusiastic representatives from many nations, as well as a healthy number of skeptics. People peppered Negroponte with questions in both English and French, and he fielded both with ease. Negroponte was later joined by Alan Kay, known as the inventor (!) of laptops (back in the late 1960s) and a partner in the project. He started answering one question with something like, Back when a bunch of us were inventing the Internet He went on to describe the Internet as the greatest open-source gift to the world. This was one cool press conference. I should note that the MIT Media Lab, the sponsor of this project, is the largest employer of UROP students on campus, so you can also be involved in incredible projects like this.

Sociological Review of the Gods Must Be Crazy - 2060 Words

The Gods Must Be Crazy Sociological Analysis Rarely do you find a film both intelligent and entertaining like â€Å"The Gods Must Be Crazy†. The film is a collision of the individual journeys of three separate groups: the journey of Xi, the bushman, traveling to the end of the earth to get rid of a Coca-Cola bottle; the growing relationship between Kate Thompson, a school teacher, and Andrew Steyn, a clumsy scientist; and the actions of a band of terrorist led by Sam Boga. One day, a Coca-Cola bottle drops from the sky and lands unbroken near the temporary home of the bushman. The bushman family, completely isolated from humanity, has never seen such a thing and perceive it as a gift from the gods. Although the object proves to have many†¦show more content†¦In continuing, structural functionalism looks at situations from a macro level, often over-generalizing situations. During his journey to the end of the earth, Xi is jailed for killing a goat. The institution of l aw is one that Xi has not been introduced to yet. They refuse to look at Xi as an individual case, and give him the same sentence that everyone committing that crime would get. Structural functionalism looks at the general not the specific. That is why they refused to take into consideration Xi’s different background and his unknowingness of social laws. Moreover, this theory states that rapid change is seen as disruptive. As Xi leaves his home in search for the end of the earth he is introduced to many modern products and a whole new species of people which never knew existed. While staying with Andrew and Mpudi he is introduced to new technology and even learns how to drive a car. At one point Andrew offers him money, but Xi refuses to accept it because it is worthless to him. Throughout his journey he takes a huge leap from the life that he knows to this modern era. Through it all he is willing and accepting, yet at the end he still sticks to his values. He is not influenc ed by the events that interrupted his goal, and slowly returns to his family and old lifestyle. His actions show that change must occur slowly for a stableShow MoreRelatedThe Role of the Death Penalty on Preventing Future Crime Essay8133 Words   |  33 Pageshave a brutalizing effect that increases the level of violence in our society. It may in fact raise, not lower, murder rates. How could the threat of death fail to prevent -- and possibly even cause -- violence? To understand this phenomenon, we must look at the theory of general deterrence, especially as it relates to the death penalty. The idea of deterrence assumes that: 1. Each of us decides our actions by weighing the cost of these actions against the benefits. When the cost -- inRead MoreThe View of Society on Interracial Marriage Essay2801 Words   |  12 Pagesthe genocide of Asian Americans. The women retort that the men are racist and sexist for getting sore about it. All they can agree upon is that Media Stereotypes and/or Low Self-Esteem must somehow be at fault. LETS review other facts about intermarriage and how they violate conventional sociological theories. 1. You would normally expect more black women than black men to marry whites because far more black women are in daily contact with whites. First, among blacks aged 20-39, thereRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pageswith the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Edmonds, Ennis Barrington. Rastafari : from outcasts to culture bearers / Ennis Barrington Edmonds. p. cm. IncludesRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesthe organization as system General Systems Theory General Systems Theory builds hierarchies of knowledge that relate to different levels of sophistication in understanding organizations The basic systems of the organization: what every organization must have to survive The organization as simple machine Level 3: ‘Get the structure and systems right so that all is in balance’ Level 4: ‘The machine is alive! – well, almost’ How modernist organization theory underpins conventional understandings of theRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study 11 Disciplines That Contribute to the OB Field 13 Psychology 14 †¢ Social Psychology 14 †¢ Sociology 14 †¢ Anthropology 14 There Are Few Absolutes inRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesManagement Course: MBA−10 General Management California College for Health Sciences MBA Program McGraw-Hill/Irwin abc McGraw−Hill Primis ISBN: 0−390−58539−4 Text: Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition Cohen Harvard Business Review Finance Articles The Power of Management Capital Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum International Management, Sixth Edition Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell Leadership, FifthRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesPrinciples of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus IndianapolisRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38427 Words   |  154 Pagesas yet only minimally activated, which wall make of our future a place very different f r o m anything we have ever experienced before? Somebody once apparently said to the philosopher Wittgenstein, â€Å"What a bunch of no-knows we medieval Europeans must have been! back in the days before Copernicus, t o have looked up at the sky and thought that what we saw up there was the Sun going round the Earth, when, as everybody knows, the Earth goes round the Sun, and it doesn’t take too many brains t o understandRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38421 Words   |  154 Pagesas yet only minimally activated, which wall make of our future a place very different f r o m anything we have ever experienced before? Somebody once apparently said to the philosopher Wittgenstein, â€Å"What a bunch of no-knows we medieval Europeans must have been! back in the days before Copernicus, t o have looked up at the sky and thought that what we saw up there was the Sun going round the Earth, when, as everybody knows, the Earth goes round the Sun, and it doesn’t take too many brains t o understand

We the Animals by Justin Torres - 1666 Words

Justin Torres Novel We the Animals is a story about three brothers who lived a harassed childhood life. There parents are both young and have no permanent jobs to support their family. The narrator and his brothers are delinquents who are mostly outside, causing trouble, causing and getting involved in a lot of problems and barely attending school, which their parents allowed them to do. The narrator and his brothers were physically abused by their father, leading them to become more violent to one another and others, drinking alcohol and dropping out of school. Physical abuse is an abuse involving one person’s intention to cause feelings of pain, injury and other physical suffering and bodily harm to the victim. Children are more†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Us burglars, we said to Paps the time he caught us on the roof, getting ready to rappel. And later when pap’s had us on the ground and was laying into many†¦ Joel nodded his chin toward pap’s wh o was unfastening his belt† (Torres 25). Pap’s punished all three brothers physically for putting their lives in danger and causing problems, but Pap’s should have tried to punish them some other way like grounding them, than abusing them. Since pap’s wasn’t educated, he probably didn’t know the long run symptoms of physical abuse which made the three brothers more violent towards one another and people outside, they became a delinquent as they grew older. Since all three brothers still had not reached puberty yet, they had a high rate of becoming violent like Pap’s as they grow older. â€Å"Children both genders who experienced physical abuse prior to puberty presented higher rates of abusive behaviors than those with physical abuse after puberty† (Martinez, Figueriedo, Albiol 511). Since the narrator and his brothers were mostly abused by their father before the age of puberty they had a higher chance of having abusive behavio rs and that is exactly what happen. They become more violent towards each other and to the people on the streets. As the brothers grew older they ended up fighting each other more even over a small argument, especially Manny and Joel. One time when all three brothers were away from home hanging around on an old man’sShow MoreRelated`` We The Animals `` By Justin Torres1207 Words   |  5 Pagesfree, you can die free, you can be free your entire life, and you still may never feel that you are as unbridled as you should be. In our lives, we each face our own confinements. Whether they be a job we hate, someone we cannot untangle ourselves from, or a family that, in meaning to hold us close, holds us down. In the novel We The Animals by Justin Torres the reader faces the freedom, desperation, and internment of Ma. Ma is the matriarch of the household. She raises three young boys whilst alsoRead MoreComparative Essay : We The Animals And The Woman Warrior1902 Words   |  8 Pa gesEssay on We the Animals and The Woman Warrior In a literature world, some authors like to make up stories for fiction, and some authors collect facts to document information for non-fiction. As times had passed, there were many authors who would like to change their works, specifically non-fiction, a little bit by being creative, either by exaggerating the truth or creating an unnamed narrator based on the author himself or herself. There were two bestselling novels, We the Animals by Justin TorresRead MoreThe Taught Dance By Justin Torres1600 Words   |  7 Pageswith ones’ parental figures become somewhat of a mirror of how one will act themselves in their adult life, any sort of trauma experienced during childhood can compromise your behavior. This Freudian analysis is apparent in the novel, We the Animals by Justin Torres. â€Å"Paps† as his own children tenderly refer him, is suggested to have experienced parental abuse as a child. In turn, although he undoubtedly loves his children for continuing to be a pa rt of their lives for so long when he has had theRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesof Environmental Transitions †¢ Richard P. Tucker 315 About the Contributors †¢ 343 _ IN TR OD UC TIO N Michael Adas B y any of the customary measures we deploy to demarcate historical epochs, the twentieth century does not appear to be a very coherent unit. The beginnings and ends of what we choose to call centuries are almost invariably years of little significance. But there is little agreement over when the twentieth century c.e. arrived, and there were several

Looking for Alibrandi Free Essays

Looking for Alibrandi is a novel written by Melinda Martchetta which captivates its audiance within the first few minutes of reading with the use of different language and narrative conventions.The book itslef is about a journey to which we travel everyday. It shows us the importance of knowing who we are and who our family is. We will write a custom essay sample on Looking for Alibrandi or any similar topic only for you Order Now The issues throughout the book are so much like the ones we face on a regular basis such as depression, love. hate. expectations,betrayal and admiration, Winner of numerous awards Looking for Alibrandi shows us the harsh reality of teenage life. This novel managed to step outside all barriers as it exposed the experiences of a second generation migrant, single mother christina and her intelligent and a bit dramatic teeage daughter Josephine. Josephine is a17 year old girl in her last year at high shool and about to complete her HSC. She desperately wants to fit i with with the rest of her school friends. With friends Seraphina, Anna and Lee she dredges through every day with a hope that she will be noticed for something other than her illagitimacy. Josie as she prefers to be called is portrayed as someone who is very self absorbed but alot funny and very smart. Josie’s life is one day altered when her unknown father returns into her life after 17 years. After the inital shock of her fathers return Josie decides its time to get to know her father and a relationship begins to form. Josephine also begins to form a closer relationships with her mother and Nonna, with the help of her love interest jacob coote who teaches her about love, life and understanding. Throughout this josie learns to deal with whatever life throws at her with the sudden loss of a friend and potential soul mate John Barton. Josie deals with betrayal and loyalty with the discovery of a family secret, and realises the need for forgivness. This all helps her come to understand that she needs to come to terms with her own life, even if that means taking responsability. The plot of this novel is that for a teenage audience, it highlights the important issues in which the face. Throughout the book Josephine finds her self trapped between two worlds, ad the setting is based apon an Australian and Italian background. Josie’s family life involves things such as ‘ anual tomatoo day’, where as her Australian day to day life involes fun at the beach and such with close friends. No matter how she tries to deny it, her cultural background holds her back from living a full Australian life fully. How to cite Looking for Alibrandi, Essay examples Looking for Alibrandi Free Essays Tuesday, October 30, 2012 Looking for Alibrandi By: Melina Marchette Looking for Alibrandi is the story of Josie Alibrandi’s experiences at school, and her relationships with friends and family during her last year at St Martha’s girls’ school. This is the year her father comes back into her life, the year she falls in love and discovers the secrets of her family’s past. Josie tells us the story of her struggles with her Italian-Australian identity and the highs and lows of teenage life. We will write a custom essay sample on Looking for Alibrandi or any similar topic only for you Order Now It’s the story of a young girl who feels she doesn’t belong. She learns to cope with these feelings of insecurity and learns that everyone has similar feelings at different times. 1. Josie must learn to deal with a whole range of issues. How and why does Josie change? In Melina Marchetta’s novel, Looking for Alibrandi, Josie confronts and resolves a number of problems she has in her life. Josie’s attitudes towards her family and friends alter as she learns more about them and tries to understand them. Ultimately, Josie is not the same girl at the end of the novel as she was at the beginning. 2. Josie has conflicting feelings towards Jacob. Explain. Josie has conflicting feelings towards Jacob. â€Å"I don’t know if he’s my type†. Josie is still initially stuck on John. It is not until after his death that she realises her real feelings for Jacob. 3. Josie’s transformation from school girl to young adult is the result of major events in her personal and school life. Indeed, without these influences, Josie heightened understanding of herself and others would never have occurred. In reflecting on these experiences and understanding, how do these transformations impact her life? (This question is fit for conclusion – 2 sentences) Josie’s transformation from schoolgirl to young adult is the result of a number of major events in her personal and school life. Indeed, without these influences, Josie’s heightened understanding of herself and others would never have occurred. In reflecting on these experiences and understanding their impact on her life, Josie’s transformation is complete. 4. Josie says, â€Å"I’m not going to be trapped like them. † Does Josie seem trapped or cursed? 5. Look for examples of tradition in the family and school. In the novel, Looking for Alibrandi, Melinda Marchetta explores how Josie is initially embarrassed about being Italian but throughout the text she becomes proud of her Italian heritage. She finds Tomato Day suffocating labelling it â€Å"Nation Wog day† as she wonders, â€Å"How many other poor unfortunates our age were doing the same? † She also says, â€Å"This might be where I come from, but do I really belong here? † This however changes through hearing Katia’s story and realising the importance of her heritage. 6. Why does Josie react strongly to other characters referring to her ethnicity or using the word â€Å"wog†, even though she uses the word and is sometimes critical of her Italian heritage? 7. How does Michael Andretti appear to be adapting to his role as a father? Josie initially resents her father but comes to love and respect Michael and accept him in her life. â€Å"Stop being polite, you’re making me puke. Be angry or rude – but don’t you pretend I’m not here†. Josie rejects Michael at first, but then starts to warm to him. â€Å"I’ll ring my father – he’s a barrister†. 8. What impressions of Josie’s family do you form? What reasons does she have for wanting to â€Å"burst out of family life? † Do you sympathize with her feelings? How to cite Looking for Alibrandi, Papers

Romeo And Juliet Time and Fate Essay Example For Students

Romeo And Juliet Time and Fate Essay Romeo and Juliet, said to be one of the most famous love stories of all times, is a play anchored on time and fate. Some actions are believed to occur by chance or by destiny. The timing of each action influences the outcome of the play. While some events are of less significance, some are crucial to the development of this tragedy. The substantial events that inspire the conclusion of Romeo and Juliet are; the Capulet ball, the quarrel experienced by Tybalt and Romeo, and Friar Johns plague. A servant to Capulet, who is incapable of reading the list of guests, asks for Romeos assistance. Romeo notices that Rosaline, his lover, is among these names. Benvolio challenges Romeo to compare her with other beauties. Benvolio predicts, Compare her face with some that I shall show,/ And I will make thee think thy swan a crow. (I, ii, l 86-87) To show his appreciation, the servant asks for Romeos presence at the ball. Romeo should have considered the servants warning; if Romeo occupies the name of Montague, he shall not be permitted. Once at the ball, Romeo is searching for a maiden to substitute the unrequited love of Rosaline. Romeo happens to gaze upon Juliet, who charms Romeo. Romeo proclaims, Did my heart love till now? Forswear it, sight!/ For neer saw true beauty till this night. (I, v, l 52-53) Since Romeo declares his love for Juliet, she feels the attraction also. They believe that they are in love and must marry. However, it is a genuine coincidence that Romeo and Juliet were at the same place, at the same time. Some days after the ball, Benvolio and Mercutio are conversing, in regard to the quarrelsome weather. Benvolio declares, The day is hot, the Capulets abroad,/ And if we meet we shall not scape a brawl,/ For now these got days is the mad blood stirring. (III, i, l 2-4) At this point, Tybalt, who has challenged Romeo because of his appearance at the masquerade, enters, seeking Romeo. On Romeos behalf, Mercutio struggles with Tybalt, while Romeo, who is filled with love for his new cousin, tries to end their boldness. Before escaping, Tybalt plunges his sword into Mercutio, causing death to fall upon him. Mercutio blames Romeo and the feud for his fate. Romeo kills Tybalt, who taunts Romeo, upon his return. Romeo fears he will be condemned to death if he does not flee before the arrival of the Prince. Benvolio recalls the events that have happened, with some embellishment. The Prince declares:And for that offence/ Immediately we do exile him hence. / I hav an in your hates proceeding,/ My blood for your rude brawls doth lie a-bleeding;/ But Ill amerce you with so strong a fine/ That you shall repent the loss of mine./ I will be deaf to pleading and excuses;/ Nor tears nor prayers shall purchase out abuses;/ Therefore use none. Let Romeo hence in haste,/ Else, when hes found, that hour is his last./ Bear hence this body and attend our will. / Mercy but murders, pardoning those that kill. (III, i, l 185-195)Due to the disturbance of Veronas street and the losses of Tybalt and Mercutio, the Prince must penalize Romeo. However, the Prince agrees that Romeo was acting in self defense. Juliet, who desires not to wed Paris, asks for Friar Laurences assistance. The day before the wedding, Juliet is to drink the poison, which will make her appear to be dead. In forty two hours she shall awake, with Romeo by her side. Romeo will then bring her to Mantua with him. In the meantime Friar Laurence will convey a message to Romeo in Mantua, telling him the plot. .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb , .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb .postImageUrl , .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb , .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb:hover , .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb:visited , .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb:active { border:0!important; } .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb:active , .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u53cc8e63b7c17acf2527dde51080adeb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Comparing Isolation of the Protagonist in The Tria Essay When she gains consciousness, Romeo and Friar Laurence will be there. Friar Laurence says, Shall Romeo by my letters know our drift,/ And hither shall he come; and he and I/ Will watch thy waking (IV, i, l 114-116) Following Juliets intake of the poison, Romeo is anticipating news from Verona. Balthasar, a servant to Romeo, tells Romeo that Juliet has passed on. Romeo, who is told there are no letters from the friar, seeks a

Account for the Development of Public Health Reforms in the 19th Century and Assess Their Role in Improving the Populations Health by the Early 20th Century Essays

Account for the Development of Public Health Reforms in the 19th Century and Assess Their Role in Improving the Populations Health by the Early 20th Century Essays Account for the Development of Public Health Reforms in the 19th Century and Assess Their Role in Improving the Populations Health by the Early 20th Century Essay Account for the Development of Public Health Reforms in the 19th Century and Assess Their Role in Improving the Populations Health by the Early 20th Century Essay OOO o 233,000, of Glasgow from 77,000 to 345,000, of Liverpool from 82,000 to 376,000 and of Manchester from 75,000 to 303,000 (Alcock,Daly,Griggs,2008) Small areas of habitation grew quickly until they grew into the major cities. Birmingham and Sheffield became famous for their manufacturing trades. London, Liverpool and Bristol grew because of the docks, railways and canals that enabled goods to be exported. The unprecedented numbers of people moving to, and indeed creating these towns and cities meant that housing solutions needed to be found very quickly; to this end some factory owners built accommodation for their workers, hese would be built close to the factories so that the workers could easily be called to work by the factory bell, as most workers did not have their own clocks. As the factory owners were motivated primarily by profit, and tended to view workers as Just another resource accommodation was often constructed to the lowest possible standard. Salford, once more important than Manchester, was then the leading town of the surrounding district to which it still gives its name, Salford Hundred. Hence it is that an old and therefore very unwholesome, dirty, and ruinous locality is ouses could be extremely basic with communal toilets and without running water, and with no arrangements made for the disposal of human waste. Over-crowded, ill-drained, badly-ventilated, and miserable abodes which line the narrow lanes and filthy alleys abounding in most large town (Roberts, 1855) With the numbers of people moving to the towns and cities there could not be enough houses built to cope with demand; in these cases people would be forced to live in cellars and other unsuitable dwellings, often alongside other families and even animals. It often appens that a wh ole Irish family is crowded into one bed; often a heap of filthy straw or quilts of old sacking cover all in an indiscriminate heap, where all alike are degraded by want, stolidity, and wretchedness. Often the inspectors found, in a single house, two families in two rooms. All slept in one, and used the other as a kitchen and dining-room in common. Often more than one family lived in a single damp cellar, in whose pestilent atmosphere twelve to sixteen persons were crowded together. To these and other sources of disease must be added that pigs were kept, nd other disgusting things of the most revolting kind were found. (Engels, 1844) Although the boom in housing created problems with the removal of human waste, however this had been a feature of urbanised areas for some time before the industrial revolution; as Samuel Pepys recorded in a diary entry for 20th October 1660, Going down to my cellar I put my feet into a great heap of turds, by which I find that Mr Turners house of office is full and comes into my cellar (Halliday, 2007) With the problem of waste disposal and over-crowding in squalid conditions came he inevitable increase in diseases. In one place we found a whole str eet following the course of a ditch, because in this way deeper cellars could be secured without the cost of digging, cellars not for storing wares or rubbish, but for dwellings for human beings. Not one house of this street escaped the cholera. (Engels, 1844) There had always been disease in the towns and cities, however, with the increased population it spread faster than at any other time, and there seemed no way to halt its progress. There were many diseases that flourished in these environments, ncluding Influenza, Tuberculosis, Typhoid, Typhus, and the most feared at the time, Cholera. Again, the repeated visitations of cholera, typhus, smallpox, and other epidemics have shown the British bourgeois the urgent necessity of sanitation in his towns and cities, if he wishes to save himself and family from falling victims to such diseases. (Engels, 1844) During this century, medical science advanced at hitherto unprecedented speed, and more people than at any other time entered t he medical profession, In the first half of the century the medical world was raising the xpectation that treatment of the body could become as exact a science as knowledge of the body. Throughout the land, much money and energy was being devoted to medical care and its study. Between 1801 and 1850 more university- educated men entered the profession in Great Britain (over eight thousand) than in all of previous history. (Haley 1978) However, there was still a lot to be learned about the nature of disease, and the causes of epidemics were poorly understood. The theory of miasma (the belief that disease was spread by smell and foul air) was still popular as an explanation of how diseases were spread. Cholera was greatly feared being a water-borne disease, attacked all, notably the middle classes with their better water supplies and struck fear into the hearts of the governors, local and national. The response to the outbreak of infectious disease varied from town to town, however police in Manchester responded to one outbreak of Cholera, by evacuating and disinfecting the area. The first court below Ducie Bridge, known as Allens Court, was in such a state at the time of the cholera that the sanitary police ordered it evacuated, swept, and disinfected with chloride of lime. (Engels, 1844) Towards the end of the century, Britain was involved in conflicts around the world in order to defend her empire from the emerging powerhouses of Japan and Germany who were keen to forge their own empires and trading routes. In 1899 conflict erupted between the British and the Boers, being the South African descendents of Dutch settlers. The Boer army turned out to be well prepared, well trained and provided with enough food and provisions to defend themselves for three years, whilst the British, having believed that the war would be quickly over, were nowhere near as well-prepared. The Boer war highlighted a serious problem for the forces, specifically that the recruits being called upon to defend the nation, being largely drawn from poverty-stricken areas where the conditions discussed above were rife, were often weak and of poor health. At that time, it became apparent that there were serious problems with public health in Britain: up to 40% of recruits in Britain were unfit for military service, suffering from medical problems such as rickets and other poverty-related illnesses. 80% of men presenting for service in the Boer War were found by the Army Medical Corps to be physically unfit to fght. wrww. forces- war-records. co. uk) The realisation that the population had become too weak to defend the nation, alongside the increasingly common outbreaks of disease arising from cramped, unsanitary living conditions of workers led to the Report of the Interdepartmental Committee into Physical Deterioration in 1904, which called for changes to be made to ensure the nations health did not deteriorate further than it already had. In the 1906 general election the Liberal Party gained power after an extensive period of Conservative government and immediately embarked on a series f Acts to improve the health of the nation. These included the provision of free school meals in 1906, health checks for school children in 1907, the Notification of Births Act in 1907 to allow midwives to ensure that newborn babies were being fed and cared for correctly and the Childrens Act of 1908, which was designed to keep orphans out of prisons and set up childrens homes for them. By focusing primarily on the health of children, they were working to improve the health of the next generation, thus ensuring a steady supply of fit and healthy individuals who could be called upon to defend the nation, if necessary. The Labour Exchange Act of 1909 and the National Insurance Act of 1911. were the first that the nation had seen that tried to tackle the problem of unemployment and ill health. The Labour Exchange Act sought to bring together those people who were looking for work with those who needed workers. The National Insurance Act was split into two stages, firstly giving people a right to medical treatment and sick pay in return for a payment each week out of their wages, and secondly giving people the right to unemployment pay for up worker before claiming it. There are differing theories about the effectiveness of hese reforms in improving the health of the population at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. What cannot be denied, however, is that the death rate fell in this period, from 22. 6 deaths per 1000 in England and Wales in 1860 to only 14. 4 per 1000 by 1905 (Gascoigne, S, 2012) Thomas McKeown, in his book the Modern Rise in Population (1976) looked at the detailed death records that were kept for Britain at the time of the reforms to assess their effect on the recorded deaths. He concluded, after extensive research, that the improvements to he nations health during the period 1850-1914 was as a result of a steady rise in living standards and the associated rise in average nutritional intake (McKeown, 1976) which was a secondary result of the reforms as people were able to support themselves whilst out of work and were able to move quickly from Job to Job, no longer subject to the fluctuations of business which may have previously led to a dependency on a poor law that could no longer support them. The dark shadow of the Malthusian philosophy has passed away, and no view of the ultimate scheme of things would now be accepted under which multitudes of men and women are oomed by inevitable law to struggle for existence so severe as necessarily to cripple or destroy the higher parts of their nature. (Dorling, D, 2002) McKeowns conclusions were questioned by Simon Szreter who wished to discover if the link between the death rate falling and the public health r eform was solely due to the better diet and living standards that were available, or it there was another cause. Szreter started out by analysing the relationship between diseases, with particular attention to the fact that once infected with a disease a person is more susceptible to catching other iseases. Szreter also suggests that it may be a case of the statistics being misreported that led to the reduction, as opposed to the medical and sociological advances that were occurring. In conclusion, there were many factors that that led to the development of public health reforms during the 19th Century; of these the most prominent were the rapid influx of people into the cities and towns leading to the rapid development of often unsuitable living arrangements, a polluted water supply, inadequate drainage and waste disposal; all of which contributed to the high levels f squalor experienced by those who lived there. This in turn led to outbreaks of diseases, which worried the government as diseases such as cholera seemed to infect regardless of class. The threat from disease combined with the lack of suitable soldiers to protect Britains empire from emerging states such as Germany spurred the Government into action and brought about the public health reforms in the 19th Century. The effectiveness of these reforms is still under debate, with academics trying to establish what was the primary reason for the death rate falling between 860 and 1905; the debate appears to be between those who believe it was the advances in medical knowledge of nutrition, cleanliness and the causes and treatment of disease and those who believe it was the public health reforms that were introduced because of the pressing need for intervention to prevent the poorest people becoming to enfeebled to work, thus becoming a load on the poor law. The reason that the health of the population increased into the early 20th Century seems to be a combination of public health reform and rapid increase in have a welfare state and NHS which are the em. y of the world.

Volcanos Essays - Volcanology, Volcano, Types Of Volcanic Eruptions

Volcanos Essays - Volcanology, Volcano, Types Of Volcanic Eruptions Volcanos Volcanos occur all over the world.The best know volcano zones occur on the destructive plate margin around the Pacific Ring of Fire.This chain of volcanos that lie along the west coast of central and south America,Japan and the Philippines,across New Zealand and into the Atlantic.Volcanos also occur in mid-ocean along the line of ocean ridges.The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is an example of ocean floor volcanos.When these volcanos erupt lava flows from the cracks building up the ocean floor.Volcanos can also occur away from plate boundaries.These are the Hawaiian Volcanos.As you can see there are lots of places were volcanos occur.Sometimes these volcanos are where humans have settled.To help protect our belongings and save human lives we have developed ways to predict when volcanos are about to erupt.Here are some. Predictions Two main methods are used to predict when volcanos are about to erupt.These methods are called geophysical techniques,and chemical techniques. The geophysical method can detect any changes in the rock below.As the magma rises it forces the rocks apart,Which can create minor earthquakes on and or around the mountain.These can be detected on a seismographs.A seismograph picks up the seismic waves the earthquake gives off and records them.A seismograph works by a pen and a weight suspended on a spring.As the earth shakes the pen writes the waves,called a seismogram,on a revolving drum.A comparison can be used.They take two or more seismographs readings to pin point exactly where the magma is trying to surface.This technique is successful in Hawaii where they are a lot of volcanos.The place and the time of eruptions have been forecast accurately.Before a volcano is about to explode the ground around it swells with magma.This causes the ground to start to tilt.The tilt can be measured by an instrument called a tiltmeter.Two containers are half filled with water.And a tube connects the two.As magma rises and changes the a! ngle of the earth.Water goes into the lower container.Scientist can tell if the volcano is getting more active.When magma moves its gravity changes.This change in gravity can be detected by using gravimeters.When rock is heated to a certain temperature.It looses its magnetism.And this can be detected with a magnetometer.When magma rises to the surface it gives off heat.This heat can be detected with a intfa-red temperature surveys.Sometimes chemical methods are used.They measure the volcanic gases at hit springs and at fumaroles which are openings in the ground were gases escape from.Just before a volcano is about to erupt there is an increase in certain gases.These gases are chlorine compounds,sulphor oxides,carbon dioxide,hydrogen, and radon. Damages When a volcano erupts huge amounts of lava are spewed out of the volcano.These huge flows of lava can wipe out towns.This type of volcanic eruption is called Hawaiian.These volcanos put on fire shows .They are rarely violent or explosive ,because the lava is fluid enough to let the gases escape easily.The lava flows out of boccas.These volcanos are not really dangerous.But they can cause alot of damage if people or buildings get in its way.A strombolian eruptions are more violent producing a lot thicker lava.Because the lava is thicker the gas can not escape easily from it making the lava hostile.The plinain eruptions ar the most dangerous .They hurl huge amounts of pumice as high as fifty kilometers into the atmosphere.Then is ash falls over wide areas.Then this is followed by pyoclastic flows,where hot gases and ash pour out of the vent.These flows rush across the landscape ,burning and burying anything in its path.This is the eruption that happened to Mount St. Helen in th! e U.S.A. Wisps of steam were coming out of the vents on the side of the mountain.During a period of several weeks a three hundred foot high wedge shaped bulge developed on the south side of the mountain as a result of rock and ice being pushed up.There were gaping cracks in the glaciers.They were gray with a dusting in volcanic ash.Weeks later the bulge blew sending ash and mud slides down the mountain wiping any thing that got in its way.The eruption cause a lot of damage.It created the worlds biggest clear cut.Two hundred and thirty square miles of trees lay in a tangled mess after the eruption.But people were trying to save as much

Batek of Malaysia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Batek of Malaysia - Research Paper Example Each of the groups has their own way of living, their own culture to follow, their own language and even unique modes of sustenance. But, as the urban development spreads its roots, the advancements in technologies and science have pushed the boundaries of these unique life styles and have merged most of the culture together, desperately done by the original people in order to sustain these tremors of modern life. Yet, the Bateks are still an exception to all these changing scenarios. They have gripped onto their culture and tradition and have sustained their living through their own traditional ways. The thesis, thus taken up here focuses on exploring the culture of Batek, identifying the unique characteristics of this tribal group of people and to divulge more about their way of living and sustenance. A background According to census taken in the year 1995, there are approximately 700 to 800 people of Batek, who are currently living. With the emergence of urbanization, the numbers may have been reduced more. During the years of 1970, the Bateks lived in the Malaysian states called as Kelantan and Pahang. Their physical appearance is similar to those tribes of Africa and hence former European researchers came to a conclusion that they are remnants of those African tribes. Their tribe name came from the Austronesian speakers who settled in those regions. Their basic language for communication is the Mon-Khmer language. Primary mode of sustenance The Bateks have their connections with the Hoabinhians, from 8000 BC. The Hoabinhians are basically foragers and hence foraging as a means of existence became one of the primary mode of subsistence for the Bateks. As years progressed, horticulture came into picture during 2000 BC. Later, the Batek started to trade with outsiders and it remained as one of important business aspect of the Bateks during the period between 6th and 13th centuries. Slavery crept into the tribe when Malays started invading the Bateks. With the government intervening, the Bateks were freed from slavery in 1920 and came under the direct supervision of them in 1954. (Endicott 1978) With the population dwindling and with the urban growth expediting at a rapid pace, the Bateks settled in the valleys and at the groundside of hills because, higher the altitude, difficult it becomes to forage. Irrespective of the fact that the Bateks have explored several numbers of options to gather food, foraging remains to be their primary and best option. The reason for such a trend is due to two reasons. Firstly, the advantages of foraging allowed them to gain access to food wherever they went as there was no permanent place of living for the Bateks. The second reason, actually being the source of the first reason, is that, foraging allowed them to maintain their life as well as integrity even in the most precarious situations they had faced during the time of immigration of the Malay people - when they started restricting the boundaries of the Bateks. Slavery and intrusion endangered the lives of the Bateks and always kept them on the move, thus denying them of harboring any notions of existence except foraging. (Endicott 1978) Impact on Social and Political Organization Although life among the Bateks is a closely knit one, individual, nuclear families form the basic building blocks of the entire

Globalization is a Result of Neoliberal Polices Essay

Globalization is a Result of Neoliberal Polices - Essay Example This research is being carried out to evaluate and present the concepts of neo-liberalism and globalization with proper definitions. On the surface, globalization has been understood as a process of compression of time and space which has enables business enterprises to concentrate more on production and achieving localization benefit. But it should be noted that the definition of globalization is broader and aggregated in terms of socio-economic levels. Globalization is basically an economic change which has taken place in every part of the world with a wider reach to heterogeneous audiences. The spread of globalization is mainly a spread of capitalism which has been in active since late 19th century. The spectrum of globalization has been understood as a very helpful concern because it helped enterprises to save a great deal of time and capital in order to transport products and services. This also saved the cost to communicate with better and effective transference than before. Th e view of globalization has been taken and welcomed in the international business including all major business institutions. It was merely because the dream of reaching to the areas which were once considered as remote. There is no part of the world which has not been reached in terms of economic activity. The credit for this massive increase of business activates al around the world goes to the phenomenon of globalization. The aim of business enterprises is to make profit by making sure that the member of societies (consumers) is able to get all the comforts for sustaining a better lifestyle. This is due to the faster and diverse means of trading and financial transactions. Seemingly, the political control over the activities of business being undertaken cross-border is just another aspect that has declined now. In other words, it could be said that the control of political institution on business enterprises to go cross-border seems to be less influential than before (Baldwin 2012 ). It should also be noted that the quicker and diverse impact of globalization could not be possible on its own. There are some of the factors that have influenced globalization to take place all around the world. These factors are rationalism, capitalism, technological innovation and regulation. Taking these four elements into account, it becomes easy to understand as to why globalization has taken such a diverse reach in the business world. The technological innovation such as easy transport of products and services through air routes and sea routes was has become faster because of the easy and diverse communication networks. The financial institutions which were limited to the domestic business are now complying with international financial systems allowing better visibility of shares for foreign markets for investment purpose (Pambazuka News 2010). The phenomenon of globalization is somewhat similar to that of neo-liberalism. It is due to the nature of neo-liberalism which is d efendant of free trade and a liberal view of economy to promote equal and diverse platform of markets.

Impact of Internationalisation of Business Markets

Impact of Internationalisation of Business Markets This report aims to analyse and discuss the internationalisation of business and global marketing issues. It also analyses the influence of global marketing environment on the marketing activities of the firm. In order to prepare this report, there has been a use of various Academic textbooks and journals. Over the past thirty years, internationalisation of the firm has been the most frequently researched topics in international marketing (Fletcher 2001). It has been used to describe the outward movement or increasing involvement in a firms or larger groupings international operations (Fillis 2000). In general, Internationalisation refers to the increasing importance of international trades, international treaties, international relations, alliances, etc. Firms undertake international operations due to various reasons (Lam and White 1999). Some internationalise due to the fact that their competitors or customers have been globalised (Ohmae, 1990), whereas others are pushed by the idea of multinationalism as a symbol of success and progress (Gerlinger et al. 1989). The firms use a stepwise approach along with an organisational continuum, in order to develop the international operations. The Uppsala School views internationalisation as having four stages while it has also been modelled with five and six. Although the number of incremental steps may differ, there is general agreement that with each subsequent step comes increasing involvement in international operations. However, due to increasing globalisation, chaotic market conditions and technology effects, it is believed that such stepwise advancement is not generally exhibited in SMEs and that alternative modelling of microenterprise behaviour is needed in order to account for emerging modes of behaviour (Fillis 2000). Definition of Internationalisation: There are many possible definitions of Internationalisation, some referring to the whole economy of the home or internationalising, country, some referring to specific sectors of the economy, and some referring to MNEs themselves (Kumar, N 1998). Calof and Beamish (1995: 116) denotes Internationalisation as the process of adapting firms operations (strategy, structure, resources, etc) to international environments. Whereas, Welch and Luostarinen (1988), Rao and Naidu (1992), Easton and Li (1993) and Johanson and Vahlne (1993) has defined internationalisation as a process by which firms increase their involvement in international business activities. From the above-proposed definitions, it can be concluded that Internationalisation is a process in which the firm gradually increases its international involvement. Complexity and challenges in Internationalisation: Internationalisation is a process which is very complex and challenging by nature. There have been various factors which have made internationalisation as a complex process. The most important factors are uncertainty in formats, formula and markets, the high degree of operational flexibility required and there need to be the high rate of formula innovation in order to get a success in internationalisation (Dawson, J. 2003). Uncertainty in Formats, Formula and Markets: As being an international market for the internationalising firm, it is very uncertain. The firm faces huge competition from the local markets. These all factors make internationalising for the firm very challenging. High degree of operational flexibility required: In order to perform a successful internationalisation process, there needs to be a high degree of operational flexibility, which will give an advantage to the internationalising firm over the local firms. Need of high rate of formula innovation: In order to gain an advantage over the local firms, the internationalising firm has to be very active in terms of innovation. As the competition will be high for the internationalising firm there needs to be a rapid innovation of the formula. Uppsala Internationalization Model: The Uppsala Internationalization Model was originally developed by Johanson and Vahlne (1977, 1990). This model, also known as the incremental theory of internationalisation, shows that enterprises gradually increase their international involvement according to the development of their knowledge about foreign markets and operations. Camuffo et al. (2007) enhanced this model by adding technological knowledge and customer-supplier interaction as important determinants of the process, stating that cross-border expansion into a neighbouring country might shorten the time required to accumulate knowledge and to control the facility in the target country (Reiner, G. 2008). The Uppsala model has described the internationalisation of a firm as a process of experiential learning and incremental commitments which lead to an evolutionary development in a foreign market. Johanson and Vahlne formulated this approach in 1977, referring to empirical observations on Swedish manufacturing firms from their studies at the international business department of Uppsala University. One of the basic assumptions of the model is that the lack of knowledge is an important obstacle to the development of international operations (Johanson Vahlne, 1977: 23). Hence, the Uppsala model has dealt fundamentally with knowledge acquisition and learning. It has been observed that the absence of market-specific knowledge has forced the many manufacturing firms to develop their international operations in small steps, undertaking incremental commitment decisions and moving at the beginning to psychically close countries in order to reduce the market uncertainty (Johanson Vahlne, 1977 : 24). Uppsala model is based on four core concepts: market commitment, market knowledge, current activities and commitment decisions. These four concepts are then divided into state aspects and change aspects. The two state aspects are market commitment, which is the resources committed to foreign markets, and market knowledge, which is the knowledge about foreign markets and operations possessed by the firm at a given time. The two change aspects are current activities and commitment decisions. The latter are the decisions to commit resources to foreign operations (Johanson Vahlne, 1990). Drawback of Uppsala Internationalisation model: The Uppsala model has been criticised for being partial and deterministic (Hollensen, S. 2007).The first criticism is based on the fact that Johanson and Vahlne 1977 rely on only one construct- experiential knowledge as one of several constructs, including the decision making process of the firms management. On the other hand, the internationalisation process model does deal with how other factors are handled in the process (Blomstermo, A. 2003). The criticism that the model is deterministic has to do with the incremental development of experiential knowledge and its manifestation in the visible stage model. Researchers provide empirical evidence that shows that firms do not always start with occasional exports and end up with a production company abroad (Newbould, Buckley and Thurwel 1978).It has also been argued that the model does not take into account interdependencies between different country markets (Johanson and Mattson, 1986) Advantages of Uppsala Internationalisation model: After analysing the Uppsala Internationalisation model it was found that there have been very few advantages. The only advantage associated with this model is that it explains the internationalisation process. In comparison to all the other models of internationalisation this has been highly criticised (Madsen, K. 1991). Macro-environment Forces: Whether its an international banking organisation, a university or a manufacturer, no organisation exists within a vacuum. It is very likely competitors, to be subject to international, national and local control, obliged to comply with national or European pollution fluctuations in the fortunes of the global economy (Brooks, I. 2004). Factors that influence a companys or products development but that are outside of the companys control. For example, the macro environment could include competitors, changes in interest rates, changes in cultural tastes, or government regulations etc (Hill, C. 2009). Macro- environmental forces influencing Internationalisation process: The various outside influence on a firms decision to go international are as follows: Export Agents Governments Chamber of commerce Banks etc. Unsolicited international orders are one major factors influence the firm to begin exporting. In United States, such orders have been found to account for more than half of all cases of export initiation by small and medium-sized firms. Another major influencing agent may actually be a competitor. Just as firms respond to competitive pressures from other companies, statements by executives from other competing firms may serve as change agents (Czinkota, M. 2007). Export Agents: Export agents as well as export management firms generally qualify as experts in global marketing. They are already dealing internationally with other exportable products, have overseas contacts and are set up to handle other exportable products, have overseas contacts and are set up to handle other exportable products. Many of these trade intermediaries approach prospective exporters directly if they think that their product have potential markets overseas (Hollensen, S. 2007). Governments: In nearly all countries governments try to stimulate international business through providing global marketing expertise (export assistance programmes). For example, government stimulation measures can have a positive influence not only in terms of any direct financial effects that they may have, but also in relation to the provision of information (Welfens, P. 2001). Chambers of commerce: Chambers of commerce and similar export production organizations are interested in stimulating international business, both exports and imports. These organizations seek to motivate individual companies to get involved in global marketing and provide incentives for them to do so on. These incentives include putting the prospective exporter or importer in touch with overseas business, providing overseas market information, and referring the prospective exporter or importer to financial institutions capable of financing global marketing activity (Hollensen, S. 2007).. Banks: Banks and other financial institutions are often instrumental in getting companies to internationalize. They alert their domestic clients to international opportunities and help them to capitalize on these opportunities. Of course, they look forward to their services being used more extensively as domestic clients expand internationally (Czinkota, M. 2007). Common Customer needs: In general, standardization is less likely with services that with goods. Within services, the potential for standardization is greater the less the provider is involved in the delivery because this increases the extent to which customer needs are likely to have more features in common. Scale Economies: These are driven by the opportunity to spread fixed costs. With services, such economies are more likely to come from standardised processes than from a physical concentration of activities (Blythe, J. 2005). Competition Drivers: These often occur because the service provider finds it necessary to go international in order to protest its position in the domestic market, especially if costs can be lowered. If the service providers do not take this step, then there is an increased risk that firms in the international market may use that market as a base from which to internationalise their operations (Toyne, B. 1989). Information Technology drivers: The ability to centralise information hubs on a global basis is a motive because it strengthens the firms competitive position. For example: Rupert Murdochs involvement in satellite TV in order to monopolise sports coverage (Brown, L. 2004). Apart from the above-mentioned drivers, there are some more drivers of internationalisation such as Revolution in information and communications systems, globalisation of financial markets and also improvements in business travel (Blythe, J. 2005). Conclusion: From the above discussion and findings, it can be concluded that Internationalisation is a process in which the firm gradually increases its international involvement. It has been also found that the internationalisation is very complex by nature. Various models of internationalisation have been proposed till date, out of which the most famous model is Uppsala approach model of internationalisation. However, it was found that there have been various drawbacks in this model such as, being partial and deterministic, not taken into account interdependencies between different country markets etc. From the discussion of the influence of various macro environmental forces on internationalisation, it can be concluded that there is an increasing number of influence on the firms to go for industrialisation.

The Holistic Medicines

In a lot of conditions, medical cures and treatments have proven more harmful than the disease itself. In looking for other options, people all over the world have been turning back to the holistic way of health and healing. Holistic medicine is the art and science of healing the whole person, or in holistic terms, the mind body and spirit. The practice of holistic medicine integrates conventional and alternative therapies to prevent and treat diseases and promote optimal health. This condition of holistic health is defined as the ultimate free flow of life energy force throughout the mind, body, and spirit. As I mentioned before, three parts make up the whole person. Based on a common law of nature, whole parts are made up of independent parts. The body, which is treated and cared for through nutritional medicine, fitness medicine, and environmental medicine. The mind (mental and emotional health) which is basically behavioral medicine. The spirit is treated with spiritual attunement and social health. When one of these three parts isn†t functioning correctly or is impaired for some reason, the other parts of the person are affected. For example, a person growing nervous or anxious about an upcoming exam can literally give themselves a headache or stomachache. Even Socrates, one of the greatest philosophers in history of time said in order for the whole of a person to be well, the individual parts must be well also. This can be achieved by many things. For example, acupuncture is used to identify and treat disease and improve well being. During acupuncture, needles are inserted into the meridian points of the body. Sickness occurs when the flow of blood or â€Å"chi† is blocked at these points. The pressure applied to these points relieves blockage and buildup thus leaving the patient feeling better. Acupuncture can treat anything from allergies, headaches, sinus infections, stress, insomnia and chronic pain. For those people who don†t enjoy needles or wont tolerate needles at all there is colorpuncture. Colorpuncture is basically acupuncture without needles. Meditation is another accepted form of holistic health. Meditation is using different methods of relaxation to calm yourself and make you healthier inside. Candles, salves, oils and incense are all commonly used during meditation. Meditation is an accepted form of recovery and health promotion in the medical field. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing is yet another form of holistic healing. This helps remove conflict and stress from your life and promote success and happiness. Reflexing and resetting is the vibrating and stimulation of the body†s reflexes. It is most commonly done through the feet and can help with sleep disorders. Biofeedback is recognizing and manipulating the body†s signals. It helps to treat migraines, panic attacks, anxiety, hypertension, and A.D.D. Some of the most common methods of holistic healing are resurfacing just about everywhere. Aromatherapy is therapy using scents to relax the mind, body, and soul. There is a line of products in Wal-Mart now called â€Å"aromatherapy† and even well known companies such as Delia†s manufacture aromatherapy pillows. Chiropractors are a readily accepted form of holistic treatment. Chiropractors manipulate the body†s muscles and bones to relieve pain and stress. Massage and is a big part of holistic life. There are deep tissue massages, Swedish massages etc†¦ All of which help muscular posture, balance, stress reduction, increase of circulation and energy flow. Nutrtiion is also an important part in a holistic lifestyle. Health food stores such as GNC are popping up everywhere. With nutritionists come herbalists who also deal with weight management and vitamins. There is holistic dentistry which is generally mercury free and has less exposure to x-ray†s and harmful chemicals. There is even Holistic Veterinary care which treats pets in the same way as humans. Pets said to be lost cases are sometimes revived by this form of veterinary care. Anything from arthritis, skin infections, and allergies can be cured. Feng Shui is not as common in the US yet. It is Chinese consultancy in arrangement of objects in the home or office to achieve harmony. It is said your outer world is a mirror of your inner world. Lots of water fountains are used. Spiritual Psychics, Astrologists, Child Birth, Tai Chi, Yoga, even health and beauty are all reviving to holistic methods. These different treatments all fall under the six specialized areas of holistic healing 1. Bimolecular Diagnosis and Therapy Basically a holistic lifestyle is trying to unite your body with gravity and your heart with your mind. Once all your parts are in harmony, for example the ying and yang, you can achieve perfect health. In my opinion the holistic way of life is a very interesting way of life that really intrigues me. I would like to acquire the skills and self-control some of these methods call for. Some methods really don†t appeal to me, for example acupuncture, but other methods such as meditation, aromatherapy, reflexology, and feng shui, are all valid forms of the holistic way of life that would definitely be of interest to me. Although some people think that this way of life is crazy etc, I think it is helpful and important in every day life. Just about everyone can practice this lifestyle in the easiest of ways. Although many people do not believe in the holistic way of life, even more people are firm followers of these concepts and it is sure to be an evergrowing idea that lasts for generations to come.

Lab Safety Paragraphs Essay

Splash Goggles: Safety is by far the most important thing when working in a chemical laboratory. There are over thousands of injuries that occur each year that are partially non-preventable, but a great majority are preventable accidents that could have been solved with simple lab safety. One of the most critical pieces of lab safety would have to be wearing eye protection. Eye protection could save your vision and eye protection should be worn at all times regardless if an experiment is being conducted or not. The eye protection worn should also have wide shields in order to protect your ears as well as your neck. There are many types of eye protection: chemical splash goggles face shields, safety glasses, etc. The type of eye protection required is dependable on the chemicals and situation so always understand the experiment first before choosing eye protection and if you do not know, you should always ask your TA. Hand Gloves: Another critical piece of lab safety would be wearing gloves when conduction experiments. They are necessary when your TA requires you to wear them. They will protect you from chemicals, but they do not offer permanent protection from chemicals. Following suit, gloves, like eye protection, come in many different forms, which can include, but are not limited to the following: latex gloves, neoprene gloves, etc. Gloves also come in different lengths depending, once again, on the situation and experiment being conducted. Gloves should not be reused unless they are clean and free of chemicals. Also, gloves should be checked for holes and cracks because the last thing that should happen is having any part of your body coming into contact with  chemicals. Gloves should also be removed before touching other things like your phone or notebooks. Long Pants: Wearing long pants (from hip to foot) while performing any type of experiment in the lab, is another essential safety rule that must be followed. Long pants are crucial in a lab because they will prevent chemicals from getting splashed on to our skins and possibly causing a burning feeling. Only long pants and coats are strictly needed for clothing because other loose clothing such as shorts, skirts, etc. are much more likely to easily catch fire, or be dragged through chemicals, or even tangle up in moving equipment. Closed toe shoes: Many of the labs in chemistry involve dangerous substances that could cause harm to our skin. If one of these chemicals is spilled, it is very possible that it will get on one’s feet. Wearing sandals leaves the toes exposed and prone to be harmed by the spilled chemicals. Also, most of the utensils used in a lab are made of glass. Where there is glass, there is a possibility that it might break. If broken glass pieces get on your exposed feet, there is a high chance of injuries happening. Whereas if one wears closed toe shoes, even if shattered glass fell on our feet, they would be protected. Lab Coat: A lab coat is another essential safety issue when working in the lab. In the chemistry lab we will be working with many substances, many of which are toxic and could easily get on our skin and clothes. A lab coat protects our skin and doesn’t allow substances to get on our clothes. There is also a risk that our clothes might catch on fire. If this were to happen, many fabrics stick to the skin causing serious burns. A lab coat is made of materials that won’t stick to one’s body in case of a fire. Also, a lab coat is much easier to take off than regular clothes, allowing for less time to burn.

Relationship between Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Economic Development Free Essay Example, 1750 words

One of the most significant attributes of Schumpeter s theory is the idea of entrepreneurial profit in the theory of economic development. According to Schumpeter, entrepreneurial profit falls in the purview of temporariness. By applying new aspects of production, entrepreneurs earn the advantage of being the first mover. For example, through the innovation of a more effective production procedure, the entrepreneur will be the only manufacturer to gain the advantage of related lower expenses only for a certain period of time. As information is shared, other organizations will try to compete with the new innovation of the entrepreneur. The gain of an entrepreneur lies in uncertainty because the demand for new innovation or new production procedure is clearly unpredictable. Entrepreneurs are also unacquainted with the period of their risk-taking profit. Thus, Schumpeter had strengthened his refusal of the marginalism in explaining economic development and progress as these factors are incapable to clarify or accommodate the innovation process i. e. how many entrepreneurs can gain from an innovation (Arena, 2002). Entrepreneurship acts as a motivating force for economic development. Schumpeter stated that every person who carries out new inventions is an entrepreneur. We will write a custom essay sample on Relationship between Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Economic Development or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page